Digestion
![Picture](/uploads/2/3/8/5/23859838/8599915.gif?175)
Teeth- Physical digestion, increase surface area.
Tongue- Bolus compacts to swallow.
Pharynx- Passage of food and air.
Stomach- Mixing gastric juice and hydrochloric acid, kills pathogens, activates pepsinogen.
Small Intestine- Chemical digestion complete -> subunits, absorption.
Gallbladder- Contains bile, physical digestion of lipids.
Pancreas- NaHCO3, regulates blood sugars (insulin and other enzymes),
Large Intestine- Water absorption, ecoli- synthesis of vitamin K+B.
Nutrient Absorption- Villi, blood- glucose and amino acids. Lacteal- 3 fatty acids, 1 glycerol.
Tongue- Bolus compacts to swallow.
Pharynx- Passage of food and air.
Stomach- Mixing gastric juice and hydrochloric acid, kills pathogens, activates pepsinogen.
Small Intestine- Chemical digestion complete -> subunits, absorption.
Gallbladder- Contains bile, physical digestion of lipids.
Pancreas- NaHCO3, regulates blood sugars (insulin and other enzymes),
Large Intestine- Water absorption, ecoli- synthesis of vitamin K+B.
Nutrient Absorption- Villi, blood- glucose and amino acids. Lacteal- 3 fatty acids, 1 glycerol.
Starch's Story
![Picture](/uploads/2/3/8/5/23859838/7341884.jpg)
Enzymes
1. Salivary amylase (pH > mouth)
2. Pancreatic amylase (pH 8.5)
3. Maltose, requires maltase to break down into glucose (pH 8.5)
Subunit
Glucose -> cellular respiration -> ATP
1. Salivary amylase (pH > mouth)
2. Pancreatic amylase (pH 8.5)
3. Maltose, requires maltase to break down into glucose (pH 8.5)
Subunit
Glucose -> cellular respiration -> ATP
Protein's Story
![Picture](/uploads/2/3/8/5/23859838/9996512.jpg)
Enzymes
1. Pepsin (pH 2.5)
2. Trypsin (pH 8.5)
3. Peptidase, breaks peptides into amino acids. (pH 8.5)
Subunit
Amino acids
1. Pepsin (pH 2.5)
2. Trypsin (pH 8.5)
3. Peptidase, breaks peptides into amino acids. (pH 8.5)
Subunit
Amino acids
Lipid's Story
![Picture](/uploads/2/3/8/5/23859838/8727542.jpg)
Enzymes
1. Lipase
Emulsification- physical digestion by bile, which is made in liver stored in gallbladder
1. Lipase
Emulsification- physical digestion by bile, which is made in liver stored in gallbladder
Villus
![Picture](/uploads/2/3/8/5/23859838/8733994.jpg?311)
Cover lining of small intestine.
Functions:
Villi- increase surface area to increase absorption.
Mircovilli- projections off villi to increase surface area more.
Capillaries- blood vessels which allow efficient transfer of (protein/carb) molecules into blood.
Lacteals- part of lymphatic system which absorbs fat digestion.
Functions:
Villi- increase surface area to increase absorption.
Mircovilli- projections off villi to increase surface area more.
Capillaries- blood vessels which allow efficient transfer of (protein/carb) molecules into blood.
Lacteals- part of lymphatic system which absorbs fat digestion.
Liver 6
- Blood sugar
- Bile
- Blood detox
- Blood proteins
- Blood cell composition
- Urea
- Bile
- Blood detox
- Blood proteins
- Blood cell composition
- Urea
Blood Sugar Regulation
![Picture](/uploads/2/3/8/5/23859838/1941607.jpg)
Blood sugar regulation by the liver and pancreas to maintain homoeostasis. To do so insulin is a hormone secreted along with glucagon. Both made by the pancrease which is a endocrine gland.
Hormones are chemical messengers that travel in blood stream.
Liver- hormones target liver cell receptors to maintain homoeostasis, stores glucose as glycogen when there's high blood sugar levels.
Hormones are chemical messengers that travel in blood stream.
Liver- hormones target liver cell receptors to maintain homoeostasis, stores glucose as glycogen when there's high blood sugar levels.