Urinary System
Kidney- filter blood, removes waste from blood, produces urine, returns clean blood to the circulatory system.
Renal Cortex- outer granulated region contains collecting ducts and Bowman's capsule (glomerulus) PCT and DCT.
Ureter- transports urine to the bladder.
Renal Medulla- striated, lined layer contains collecting ducts Loop of Henle, contains tubes carries urine down, water reabsorbed.
Urethra- elimination of urine.
Renal Pelvis- inner cavity where urine collects.
Urinary Bladder- storage of urine, contain stretch receptors.
Renal Cortex- outer granulated region contains collecting ducts and Bowman's capsule (glomerulus) PCT and DCT.
Ureter- transports urine to the bladder.
Renal Medulla- striated, lined layer contains collecting ducts Loop of Henle, contains tubes carries urine down, water reabsorbed.
Urethra- elimination of urine.
Renal Pelvis- inner cavity where urine collects.
Urinary Bladder- storage of urine, contain stretch receptors.
The Kidney
Nephron- mircoscopic functional unit of the kidney which filter blood and creates urine.
Peritubular Capillary Network- substances from nephron get absorbed into PCN.
Glomerulus- takes unfilter blood, pressure filtration, causes molecules to enter Bowmen's capsule.
Proximal Convoluted Tubule- (PCT) water, glucose, sodium absorbed back into blood.
Distal Convoluted Tubule- (DCT) H+ ions, histamine, penicillin, ammonia, other wastes into tubule.
Bowman's Capsule- collects filtrate after pressure filtration.
Collecting Duct- urea, water, sodium and other wastes collect in duct.
Loop of Henle- water and some sodium reabsorbed into blood.
Afferent Arterioles- before kidney, carries blood to be cleaned
Efferent Arterioles- after kidney, carried clean, balanced blood.
Renal Artery vs Renal Vein- artery take blood from the heart to kidney to be cleaned, high urea content. Vein returns clean blood to ciriculatory system, low urea content. Glucose level remain constant throughout.
Peritubular Capillary Network- substances from nephron get absorbed into PCN.
Glomerulus- takes unfilter blood, pressure filtration, causes molecules to enter Bowmen's capsule.
Proximal Convoluted Tubule- (PCT) water, glucose, sodium absorbed back into blood.
Distal Convoluted Tubule- (DCT) H+ ions, histamine, penicillin, ammonia, other wastes into tubule.
Bowman's Capsule- collects filtrate after pressure filtration.
Collecting Duct- urea, water, sodium and other wastes collect in duct.
Loop of Henle- water and some sodium reabsorbed into blood.
Afferent Arterioles- before kidney, carries blood to be cleaned
Efferent Arterioles- after kidney, carried clean, balanced blood.
Renal Artery vs Renal Vein- artery take blood from the heart to kidney to be cleaned, high urea content. Vein returns clean blood to ciriculatory system, low urea content. Glucose level remain constant throughout.
Regulating ADH + Aldosterone
Hypothalamus targets the posterior pituitary gland to release ADH for the kidney to adsorb more water. pH of blood is maintained by tubular excretion, if the pH is too low hydrogen ions are secreted into the nephron.
Adrenal Gland release aldosterone to regulate K+ and Na+ levels. Na+ low aldosterone is released causeing more sodium to be reabsorbed. Na+ high aldosterone is inhibited
Adrenal Gland release aldosterone to regulate K+ and Na+ levels. Na+ low aldosterone is released causeing more sodium to be reabsorbed. Na+ high aldosterone is inhibited