Male Reproductive System
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Seminiferous Tubules- (testes) produce sperm "spermatogensis"
Interstitial Cells- (testes) secrete hormone "testosterone"
Epididymis- stores sperm until mature.
Seminal Vesicles- contributes to seminal fluid.
Ductus Vas Deferens- conducts and stores sperm, tube connects epididymis to rest.
Penis- serves as an organ of copulation.
Prostate Gland- single dough-nut shaped gland that surrounds upper portion of uretha.
Urethra- conducts sperm out of the body.
Cowper's Glands- contribute to seminal fluid, pea-sized organs lie posterior to prostate.
Interstitial Cells- (testes) secrete hormone "testosterone"
Epididymis- stores sperm until mature.
Seminal Vesicles- contributes to seminal fluid.
Ductus Vas Deferens- conducts and stores sperm, tube connects epididymis to rest.
Penis- serves as an organ of copulation.
Prostate Gland- single dough-nut shaped gland that surrounds upper portion of uretha.
Urethra- conducts sperm out of the body.
Cowper's Glands- contribute to seminal fluid, pea-sized organs lie posterior to prostate.
Sperm
![Picture](/uploads/2/3/8/5/23859838/2011224.jpg?285)
HEAD:
Acrosome- contain enzymes to penetrate egg.
Nucleus- 23 chromosomes
MID-PIECE:
Mitrochondria- for energy (ATP)
TAIL:
Flagellum- used to "swim" movement/locomotion
Acrosome- contain enzymes to penetrate egg.
Nucleus- 23 chromosomes
MID-PIECE:
Mitrochondria- for energy (ATP)
TAIL:
Flagellum- used to "swim" movement/locomotion
Testosterone
Functions:
-Development of primary sex organs
-Development of sperm
-Maturation of penis and tests
-Secondary sex characteristics (hair, oil, sweat, sex drive, muscles, aggression, voice)
Control of Testosterone Levels:
Hypothalamus releases GnRH that causes anterior pituitary to release 1. FSH which promotes spermatogensis 2. LH for the production of testosterone.
-Development of primary sex organs
-Development of sperm
-Maturation of penis and tests
-Secondary sex characteristics (hair, oil, sweat, sex drive, muscles, aggression, voice)
Control of Testosterone Levels:
Hypothalamus releases GnRH that causes anterior pituitary to release 1. FSH which promotes spermatogensis 2. LH for the production of testosterone.
Female Reproductive System
![Picture](/uploads/2/3/8/5/23859838/3243714.jpg)
Clitoris- sensory organ, sensitivity during intercourse.
Uterus- (womb) houses developing fetus.
Vagina- serves as birth canal.
Ovaries- produce eggs and sex hormones.
Cervix- narrow end of uterus leading to vagina, dilates at birth, sensitive to pressure for contractions.
Oviducts- conducts egg towards uterus.
Uterus- (womb) houses developing fetus.
Vagina- serves as birth canal.
Ovaries- produce eggs and sex hormones.
Cervix- narrow end of uterus leading to vagina, dilates at birth, sensitive to pressure for contractions.
Oviducts- conducts egg towards uterus.
Estrogen
Functions:
-Development of uterus and vagina.
-Egg maturation
-Secondary sex characteristics (hair, wider hips, breasts, fat distribution)
-Development of uterus and vagina.
-Egg maturation
-Secondary sex characteristics (hair, wider hips, breasts, fat distribution)
Ovarian and Uterine Cycles
Ovarian Cycle
1. Follicular Phase, Hypothalamus secretes GnRH targets anterior pituitary to secrete LH and FSH that target the ovary for follicle growth. Oocyte divides and grows into grafian. 2. Ovulation, Grafian follicle bursts LH is at its highest levels which triggers ovulation. 3. Luteal Phase, Loses oocyte then forms into the corpus luteum that secrets estrogen and progesterone. If there is not fertillization the corpus luteum breaks down and the cycle repeats. |
Uterine Cycle
1. Menstruation, Low level of estrogen and progesterone since there's no corpus luteum so the endometrium (uterine lining) breaks down, shedding blood and blood vessels, blood flow out. 2. Proliferative Phase, High levels of estrogen by ovarian follicle causes the endometrium to rebuild and become thick and vascularized. 3. Ovulation, Release of the egg. 4. Secretary Phase, High level of progesterone by the corpus luteum. The endometrium has doubled in thickness. Glands produce mucous. If no pregnancy occurs the corpus luteum breaks down since progesterone levels down. |
Inplantation
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HCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin) is produced by implantation to keep the corpus luteum from degenerating. The corpus luteum then continues producing progesterone so the endometrium doesn't break down. FSH and LH are being produced so no other eggs are released. Estrogen keeps the new egg from developing.